Ubu buryo ni uburyo bw’ibanze mu buhinzi bufasha kubungabunga ubutaka . Guhinga usimburanya ibihingwa ni uburyo bwo gusimburanya ibihingwa bitandukanye ku butaka bumwe mu bihimbwe by’ibihinga bikurikirana, hakurikizwa ibyo umuhinzi yifuza kugeraho mu gukurikiranya ibihingwa mu murima we. Ubu buryo bufasha mu kugabanya isuri mu mirima, kongera uburumbuke w’ubutaka no kongera umusaruro.

Guhinga igihingwa kimwe mu murima umwe mu gihe kirerekire bituma ubutaga bugunduka kuberako igihingwa gikenera ibintu bimwe mu butaka iyo bishizemo ntabwo igihingwa gikomeza kwihanganira kwera kitabonamo ibigitunga , ariko iyo uhinduye ugahinga kuri ubwo butaga ikindi gihingwa , bitewe nuko ibihingwa bikenera itungagihingwa zitandukanye , iki uhateye gifata za ntungagihingwa icyambere kitakoresheje kuko arizo gikeneye gusa hanyuma ugasanga igihingwa gishishe rwose. Ubu buryo kandi butuma ibisigazwa by’igihingwa gisaruwe bisigara mu murima bivamo imborera ibyara intungagihingwa z’igihingwa kigiye kuhingwa.

Hari amahame y’ingenzi atatu agenga gusimburanya ibihingwa (Cook and Ellis, 1987):

• Gusimburanya ibihingwa ni byiza cyane kurusha guhinga igihingwa kimwe buri gihe nubwo igihingwa waba usimburanyije nacyo cyaba kiba mu muryango umwe w’ibihingwa n’icyo gisimbuye .
• Uburyo bwiza bwo gusimburanya ibihingwa n’uburyo buzanamo Ibihingwa bijyanye n’ibinyamisogwe.
• Gusimburanya ibihingwa ubwabyo ntibihagije kugirango bitange umusaruro mwiza mu gihe kirekire. Bivuzeko kongeramo ifumbire mu murima nabyo bikenerwa.

Ibyo kwitaho mugutegura uburyo bwo gusimburanya ibihingwa .

• Buri gihe tekereza ku buryo bwo kongera imborera y’ibisigazwa by’ibihingwa mu murima wawe . Aha ibihingwa bibyara ibisigazwa byinshi byitabwaho kugirango byongere nyine iyo mborera mu butaka bukomeze bugire intungagihingwa zihagije n’ubuhehere bwinshi.
• Igihingwa kimwe ntago kijya gihingwa ku butaka bumwe mu bihembwe by’ihinga bikurikirana.
• Ibihingwa uteye bigomba kuba byihanganira ikirere cy’aho uri kubitera , byaba yemwe n’ibyatsi bizana ifumbire mu murima .

Hagomba kwitwa ku ngaruka igihingwa kigira ku kindi kizagikurikira:

• Kureba niba ibihingwa byishimirana hagati yabyo
• Uburyo igihingwa kihanganira indwara n’ibyonnyi bituruka kucyakibanjirije
• Uburyo igihingwa kibyara ibisigazwa bisigara mu murima.
• Kureba ibijyanye n’ubwoko bw’imizi y’ibihingwa
• Kureba intungagihingwa zikenerwa na buri bwokobw’igihingwa

Ibyiza byo guhinga ukurikiranya ibihingwa

• Iyo hakoreshejwe ubu buryo , Ibihingwa byinshi bigaragaza gutanga umusaruro mwiza
• Ubu buryo butuma habaho kugabanya indwara n’ibyonnyi by’ibihingwa ndetse no kugabanya ibyatsi bimera mu murima bidakenewe kubera bya bisigazwa by’igihingwa cyasaruwe bikora nk’isaso mu murima.
• Ubu buryo kandi butanga ingaruka nziza ku kubungabunga ubwiza bw’ubutaka (imizi y’igihingwa ikaba myinshi kandi ikinjira mu butaka kure), bikanongera ibikorwa by’utunyabuzima tuba mu butaka.
• Muri ubu buryo birashoboka ko wagabanya amafaranga ukoresha mu gutunganya imirima yawe kandi ukagira uburyo bufatika bw’ingengabihe y’ubuhinzi bwawe.
• Ubu buryo kandi bushobora kugabanya Ibiza bikomoka ku mihindukire y’ikirere n’ibihe kuko ibihingwa bibyihanganira ku buryo butandukanye.
• Ubu buryo butuma umuhinzi ahorana umusaruro wiyongera bitewe n’uburyo ubutaka buhora bufite intungagihingwa zikenewe.

Uburyo bwo gusimburanya ibihingwa ni buryo bwizewe kandi buhendutse bwo kugabanya indwara n’ibyonnyi by’ibihingwa. Ubu buryo kandi butuma ubutaka buhorana intungagihingwa zikenewe kuko buhorana ibisigazwa by’ibihingwa byasaruwe .

Guhitamo uburyo ibihingwa bikurikirana

Ubundi ibi biterwa n’intego umuhinzi afite ishora kuba kurwanya ibyatsi bimera bidakenewe, kongera intungagihingwa zikenewe mu butaka n’imyunyungugu nka Nitrogen (N), Kurwanya isuri, kongera imborera mu butaka, kurwanya indwara runaka n’ibindi

Byateguwe na NIYIGABA Etienne  . Hifashishijwe imfashanyigisho za FAO/TECA